Kingdom Animalia free essay sample

Are made of animal cells * No cell walls * Eukaryotic. Lysosomes, centrioles. Flagella, cilia * Multicellular * Heterotrophic * Chemotrophic * They are either: 1. Invertebrates * Have no back bone 2. Vertebrates Things to classify Animals: 1. Feeding 2. Respiration 3. Internal Transport 4. Excretion 5. Response 6. Movement 7. Reproduction Phylum Porifera * The flagella move water into the sponge * Cells collect nutrients in the water before it leaves the sponge * Internal transportgt; have cells like amoeboids to crawl around; hands out nutrients 1. Reproduction It is a hermaphrodite * Can do budding (Asexual) * Sexual reproduction * Keeps eggs inside and send out millions of sperm 2. Response * Does not usually respond 3. Exertion * Pees in the water 4. Movement * Does not move 5. Feeding * Drinks water and filters for nutrients 6. Internal Transport * Importance: * Homes for marine fish and worms Trends in Animals * More complex, specialized cells which form tissues and organs * Radialgt;bilateral symmetry * Cephalization is the centration of sense organs in the anterior region * The rear end is the posterior The Dorsal is the back * The ventral is the front Phylum Cnidaria * Example jellyfish * Have two forms * * * Tentacles have nematocysts which are poisons filled sacs with a coiled needle * Mouth is entrance and exit. We will write a custom essay sample on Kingdom Animalia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many jellyfish have symbiosis with photosynthetic protists. Jellyfish have no brains but have a simple reserve net to coordinate tentacle movement. * Many also have photoreceptors so they can swim towards the light * For reproduction, they do external fertilization * They have a very simple nervous system * Gastro vascular cavity is a method for respiration / Herbivores-locusts 2. Carnivores-spiders 3. Detrivores-crabs 4. Parasites- ticks, fleas * Respiration 1. Gills 2. Book Gills 3. Tracheal Tubes * Network of empty tubes carrying air around the animal (need to keep moving) * Excretion * Specialized structure called Malpighian tubules * Removing nitrogenous wastes * Internal Transport * Well-developed heart pumps blood through an open circulatory system * Blood does not necessarily carry oxygen * Movement * Exoskeletons pose problems for movement * To deal with this, they have joints * Strung muscles pull on exoskeleton * Response Brain made from multiple ganglia with a nerve cord * Compound eyes * Many chemical receptors * Very coordinated movement * Great detection of air or water currents * Many can hear and have eardrums * Can communicated * Honey Bees * Uses a â€Å"figure 8† walk in order to communicate * Size of the â€Å"figure 8† demonstrated the distance * Reproduction * Insects: * it is usually sexual with separ ate male and female individuals * Meet by advertising using bright colours, sounds, or odours * Crustaceans: * Male uses specials appendages to transfer sperm to the female * Chelicerta: Female spider keep sperm until their eggs are mature Echinoderm (Spiny Skin) * Eg: Sea stars * Doral Side Doral Side Internal skeleton made of CaCO3 * They look radically symmetrically * Dorsal side is spiked and ventral side has a mouth * Most important system is their water vascular system * Water vascular system is responsible for * Feeding * Respiration * Internal transport * Elimination * Tube feet in the water vascular system can suck water in the sea star * * Feeding: * Tube feet can filter feed ocean water * Like to eat bivalves * Muscles in arms open the shell * Use tube feet to stick Sea stars stomach shots out and easts the inside of the bivalve * 1 way digestive system * Stomach is connected to intestines running down each arm * Respiration: * Tube feet do respiration * Response: * Have a nerve ring (no brain) with radical nerves running down each arm * Photoreceptor * Detect light * Statocyst * Detect if it is ventral or dorsal facing the top * Internal Transport† * WVS moves water throughout like sea star carrying nutrients and wastes * Repr oduction: * Sexual but are excellent at regenerating (also asexual) * Excretion: * Tube feet remove ammonia